Self Care - 1408 Words

As we continue to take more difficult classes in pursuit of becoming nurses, it is easy to forget about self-care. In an effort to prevent burn out, our group has integrated the practices of exercise and meditation into our daily schedules. In the following, we discuss how both mediation and exercise worked and didn’t work for us, what we learned while on this journey, and how we applied our learning to teach someone the skills and knowledge we obtained in meditation and exercise. Countless research and studies have been conducted to explore the benefits of meditation and exercise in relation to people’s well-being. Dimeo, Thomas, Raabe-Menseen, Propper Mathias (2004) studied the effects of exercise and relaxation on various†¦show more content†¦Some members learned that adding more obligations to an already congested schedule increases their level of stress. Other members learned they had limited patience for trying new things despite an activity’s pot ential beneficial effects. Lastly, some felt that because self-care in this assignment was mandatory, it associated negativity rather than positivity in an activity that should elicit feelings associated with individual freedom and fun. The candidate is a forty-three year old female who has recently lost seventy-five pounds and wants to maintain a healthy weight. She does not practice any self-care therapies and instead smokes. Teaching and learning strategies utilized between the teacher and learner helped the client change her attitude about exercise, educate her about how exercise could change her life and helped her adopt a new behavior that would benefit her exponentially. The teaching and learning principles included channels such as visual instructions, demonstrations and side-by-side routines. For example, the teacher would ask the client to assume a plank position for one full minute. The teacher demonstrated and the receiver provided feedback through speech and action ens uring her understanding of the instructions given. The client communicated her intrapersonal variables to the sender by expressing her concern regarding the level of exertion and thatShow MoreRelatedDorothea Orems Self Care Model1532 Words   |  7 PagesNursing Theorist Dorothea Orem’s Self Care Model states, â€Å"Nursing care is required when an adult is unable to perform self-care sufficiently to sustain life, maintain health, recover from disease or injury, or cope with the effects of disease or injury† (Orem, 1991). Orem also takes into account that caregivers also need nursing care. Six concepts: 1. Self-care is the activities that people perform to maintain health. Self-care requisites: A. Universal- Margie’s daughter prepares her mealsRead MoreMy Self Care Journey1219 Words   |  5 PagesMy own self care journey To give you a little history on me, the Naked Tool Kit and why I do what I do, this journey began when my marriage started falling apart. Despite having a Psychology degree, a Masters degree in Social Work and practicing across a range of settings I had to learn about the benefits of self care the hard way, through life’s lessons. The ‘red flags’ (warning signs) in my relationship had been there for a while but the difficulties came to a head just months after we got marriedRead MoreEssay on Self-esteem and Care Plan1474 Words   |  6 PagesASSIGNMENT 207 UNDERSTAND PERSON CENTRED APPROACHES IN AN ADULT SOCIAL CARE SETTING TASK B – SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Bi Describe two ways of finding out about the history, preferences, wishes and needs of an individual using the service. * By asking the individual at their initial assessment, a full history should be taken as part of their care plan * By referring to past notes from social care workers, GPs and family Bii Describe two ways of making sure that the historyRead MoreA Self Care Plan to Prevent Compassion Fatigue1954 Words   |  8 PagesA Plan For Self-Care Against Compassion Fatigue Brian Murrison University of Kansas Introduction Working in the helping field has its many joys and privileges. Seeing a child, whose self esteem is at the bottom, light up when he/she accomplishes a new task, see the growth an alcohol and drug addict has made in treatment, or to see the family, that when they entered the door of your office, was on the verge of separation, but now are communicating and working out their own needs with little assistanceRead MorePersonal Statement On Self Care1744 Words   |  7 PagesSelf-care is vital when working in the Human Services field, I have been and AODA counselor for three years now and have learned from trial and error that I need to learn my triggers and learn how to care for myself so I can be the best counselor to my Clients. I have learned that it’s easy to give recommendations on self-care; however it does not come that easy to follow those recommendations personally. Over the years with the help of wonderful supervisors, I have worked on a plan for my personalRead MoreThe Self Care Deficit Theory968 Words   |  4 Pages the Self-Care Deficit Theory was created in 1956 Dorothea E. Orem as a product of attempting to improve nursing care quality in general hospitals directly in her state. This theory shows another way of viewing a specific phenomenon; it is applied to an extensive range of patients and is incorporated into the nursing practice to develop and advance patient care; however, consistency with the laws and ethical practices are the key to this theory. Definition According to Taylor (2011), Self- careRead MoreThe Importance of Self-Care for Nurses2066 Words   |  9 PagesThe Importance of Exercise and Other Self-Care Modalities for Nurses The profession of nursing requires a capacity and joy for caring and healing others both mentally and physically. Nurses spend their careers caring for patients and their families often in the worst and most frightening periods of their lives. Nursing responsibilities can be lengthy, stressful and physically and emotionally demanding. The demands of the nursing profession coupled with the nursing shortage and longerRead MoreSelf Care And Life Style950 Words   |  4 PagesNext, self care and life style can affect the patient health and that’s why we as doctors should put it in our minds. Self care and life style include; Education, which can help the patient to know better about his or her condition and how to react whenever it became worse. Exercise is essential to maintain patient’s health and improvement of his or her condition. Also the nutrition and diet can help the patient to decrease the risk of his or her condition and prevent some condition from happeningRe ad MoreEthos of Self Care Essays3173 Words   |  13 Pagesan understanding of the ethos of self care whilst highlighting the ways in which the current health service is being re-orientated to incorporate this concept within patient care practices. Definitions of self care will be reviewed and some of the similarities and differences between definitions considered. Current health and social care policies that influence self care will be discussed with a view to how these policies advocate change within the health care system. The implications that theseRead MoreSelf Care And Its Effects On Caregivers2256 Words   |  10 Pagesexamining self-care and its effects on caregivers, there is a significant lack of research examining what mental health caregivers utilize as coping methods to buffer the effects of burnout as a result of lack of self-care in their profession. Therefore, this exploratory research study seeks to explore the perceptions of self-care among Ventura County ment al health caregivers and the coping methods (adaptive and maladaptive) employed to counteract the impact of burnout by the collection of self-report

Galatians 3 15-29 The Law And The Promise - 3072 Words

Galatians 3:15-29 the Law and the Promise General Introduction Galatians author was the apostle Paul and the audience was the churches of Galatia, discovered by Paul in his first route of mission work or spreading the gospel. The Galatian Epistle was addressed to the â€Å"Christian congregation of Galatia† (1:2). Certain positons are held by certain scholars as to who Paul’s letter to the churches of Galatia was written. One theory is that it was written in Northern Galatians. A view held by J.B. Lightfoot, he states that it was during Paul’s third journey roughly around 53-58 A.D. and it was to the Celtic and or Gaulish society in northern Galatia. According to Longenecker â€Å"Galatians was written to the churches of Ancyra, Pessinus, and Tavium and that Paul in Galatians 2:1-10 was referring to the Jerusalem council of Acts 15†. Another theory is that it was written in Southern Galatians. William Ramsay holds this theory, with the view that the letter was written during Paul’s second journey roughly around 50 A.D. Ramsay says: â€Å"the beneficiaries of the letter were the churches of southern Galatia, i.e. Antioch, Iconium, Lystra, and Derbe†. Galatians 3:15-29 presents us with Paul Still centering his arguments on the biblical story he knows and scripture, he now seeks to show that God s promise to Abraham, and that the doctrine he speaks of supports the defence, that justification is by faith apart from the works of the law. Historical and Literary Contexts Throughout theShow MoreRelatedRomans 8:1-17 as a Summary of Pauls Thoughts1146 Words   |  5 Pagesbefore in his other letters to the Corinthians, Galatians, and Thessalonians. Paul s passage in Romans 8:1-17 is a summary of all of his main thoughts that he wants every Christian to live his or her life according to. Paul uses references of the Spirit and the Flesh to communicate his ideas. There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set me free from the law of sin and death (Rom 8:1-2). Paul believesRead MorePerhaps One Plans To Someday Come To God For Salvation,741 Words   |  3 Pagesfamily. Romans 8:14-23 2. Redemption- Purchased freedom. Romans 3:24-25 3. Propitiation- New covering of sins. Romans 4:7 4. Grace- New favor with God. Romans 5:1,2 5. Imputation- New records in heaven. Romans 4:1-11 6. Reconciliation- New union. Romans 5:10 7. Substitution- New sacrifice; Christ Romans 4:3-25 8. Sonship- New birth. John 1:12 9. Heir- New inheritance. Romans 8:17 10. Righteousness- New legal standing. Romans 3:23 11. Retribution- New attribute by God to us. Hebrews 10:30-39Read MoreThe Law Of Moses And The Blood Of Christ952 Words   |  4 PagesThe Law of Moses and the Blood of Christ Paul explained to the Ephesians that when the fullness of time came, God sent His Son into the world to make known His will for the salvation of humanity. (Ephesians 1: 9-10) However, according to Paul, that plan had extended from the foundation of the world. â€Å"According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love.† (Ephesians 1: 4) And, it is mentioned in the very first bookRead MoreThe Testament Of The Bible946 Words   |  4 Pageswas talking about. (Galatians 3:16) Moses said, â€Å"The Lord our God will raise up unto you a prophet like unto me and ye shall harken unto Him in all things.† (Deuteronomy 18: 15) And, Luke said that Moses was referring to the Christ. (Acts 3: 22) Therefore, the call of Abraham and the giving of the Law were until the Seed should come. â€Å"Wherefore then serveth the law? It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Galatians 3: 19) Now, that wordRead MoreThe Commandments And The Law Play3148 Words   |  13 Pagesthe Law play in the life of a believer. Heresy and false teaching was active in the early Church through both misunderstandings and through more deliberate attacks to mislead professing believers. â€Å"The false teachers who were leading the Galatians astray were far from well intentioned† (MacArthur 139). The early Church was set free from being slaves to sin and under the burden of the Law. Matthew 11:28-30 Jesus says, â€Å"Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.29 TakeRead MoreThe Principles Of The Kingdom Of God977 Words   |  4 Pagesbeginning that God used the Jewish nation as a blessing to the whole world in that â€Å"All nations will be blessed through you† was an Abrahamic promise given when God called a people to be set apart for him and to bring the gentiles into the fold of the kingdom promises, fulfilling both the Abrahamic promises and the coming of the Kingdom of God to earth (Galatians 3:8). The Second Principle of the Kingdom of God The Kingdom of God is of â€Å"power and not of talk† (1 Corinthians 4:20 NIV). Now that scriptureRead MoreTheology 104 Reflection Paper1245 Words   |  5 Pages† The response of the Jews who heard this statement was to take up stones to kill Him for blasphemy, as the Mosaic Law commanded them to do (Leviticus 24:15).Jesus clearly claimed to be the Messiah and Son of God: Jesus told the Samaritan woman that he is the Messiah (John 4:25-26), Jesus affirmed Peters statement that he is the Messiah and Son of God (Mt 16:15-17, see also Mark 8:29-30, Luke 9:20-21), Jesus told the high priest that he is the Messiah and Son of God (Mark 14:61-62, Mt 26:63-64, LukeRead MoreEssay on The Atonement901 Words   |  4 Pagesmy peers. Paralleling in the New Testament, I have been taught right from wrong. Our savior’s promise of forgiveness through an infinite atonement is the same today as it was yesterday. It is a gift to me, and if sincerely acted upon, I can receive for giveness, comfort and peace. At the beginning of His ministry, Jesus was identified as â€Å"the Lamb of God which taketh away the sin of the world.† (John 1:29) The purpose of His coming was â€Å"to give his life a ransom for many† (Mark 10:45). He explainedRead MoreUnderstanding the Concept of God Essay2091 Words   |  9 Pagesforget things said as time goes by. Our own ability to keep promises that we make can weaken over time. This is not so with the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. This phrase, â€Å"the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob† embodies the concept of God as a covenant maker, and a covenant keeper. It is not an oversimplification to assert that all of the information in the Old Testament is really about God fulfilling his promises made to Abraham, with the culmination being the coming ofRead MoreThe Canonical Structure Of The New Testament1679 Words   |  7 Pagescontextual indications regarding the theological atmosphere of the Pauline letters. There are three basic goals that are useful for Pauline interpretation: 1. Confirming the legitimacy of Jesus’ teachings by the Holy Spirit 2. Unification of the church 3. Legitimizing the church in Rome. First of all, Luke clearly exposed his purpose for writing the book of Acts in the first few verses of chapter 1. In fact, Luke is the author of the third Gospel as well as the Acts of the Apostles. His purpose for writing

Living in Two Worlds Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Living in Two Worlds. Answer: Introduction I am from Kuwait and currently live in San Francisco for my studies. Kuwait and San Francisco are two separate worlds that are very different from one another. The difference is not only physical but also in terms of ethnicity, culture and the lifestyle. Kuwait is more conserved than San Francisco. More to that, the people differ in ideologies and how they carry out even business. Coming here took a lot of getting used to. It seemed as extra work to have to learn a new culture and to live according to it. Though right now I am used to it, I still feel there is a conflict within me from the two worlds. I find it difficult to make up my mind whether to stay back and complete my study or to go back and stay with my family. However, the reading of Living in two Worlds has greatly helped me in my attempt to pursue my studies and make a good career so that I can help my family. Discussion Just like the author of the article Living in two Worlds Marcus Mabry, I left my Home County and town for purposes of pursuing my education. In his story, he came from a poor background in New Jersey and moved to a prestigious school by all standards, Stanford University, which is in the West Coast. Many differences there are, as he narrates, between the two regions. These differences, he states, are affecting him and his vision of the world. It is evident from the study that he had experienced two different worlds one of poverty and other of affluence. The author seemed to struggle between these two worlds and had trouble switching between these worlds. I can thus clearly relate to the authors condition, as I too, am stuck between two different worlds. The first time I went back home from school, I felt like there was a major difference between my people and me. I felt as if I was being unfair to them because I was exposed to more opportunities than they were. Among the friends I had gone to school with, I was the only one who had gone to America to study, and as such, I felt that this was a little bit unfair to them. Though I had dearly missed home, it had turned out that the excitement was a little bit washed away by the feeling of being more privileged than my friends. Here, I can relate my feelings to that of the author who also had the same feeling when he went back home from school for the first time. The section on page 35 clearly states Mabrys conflicting feelings. Although unlike the author, I am not from a poor family, some aspects of his experience are familiar. Kuwait is a very conservative nation. People there are more reserved compared to San Francisco where people are more frank and open. This has made me, on frequent cases, feel out of place when at home. To cite an instance, I would not speak out freely when at home, as I would do here in San Francisco. This makes me feel as I am living in a parallel world. Apart from other similar instances in the story, one thing with which I mainly relate to is the purpose for which I have distanced myself from my home a better life for me and my loved ones. Instead, in my pursuit of ensuring a better life for the people I love, I feel I have gone further away from them as opposed to what I wished. This has been a major challenge for me, since the main reason I want to get an education is to ensure a better life for me and my family. However, just like the writer, the endeavor of mine is taking me away from my actual aim in life. Conclusion My life has practically turned out to be living in two worlds and that too on regular basis. In a year, I am compelled to switch frequently between two different worlds. It has not been an easy road but I am still doing it. However, I strongly desire to get back home even today, but with each milestone I achieve in education, I am finding it harder to relate to my original roots, my home. Therefore, I can assert that the author has given an apt title to his story, as people do live in two worlds and like me and the author, they face constant struggle, not knowing when will it end or will it ever end.

The Immigrant Experience Essays - Semitic Peoples, Antisemitism

The Immigrant Experience They are our grandparents, our relatives, our friends. They are the immigrants. They came from all over the world for many reasons, such as, religious persecution and racial tension, but the largest reason for coming to America was for freedom. The freedom to live where we want, to own property, to take part in the government and most importantly, the freedom to be treated like a human being. Coming over was extremely difficult. For some, there were good, seaworthy boats, but most boats were overcrowded, dirty, and disgusting. For Jews, the passage was extremely difficult because of the non-kosher ship food. People were pushed together like cattle. Most people became seasick. From one account came descriptions of unsanitary bathrooms. This, surely, must have been torture, but, hopefully, most immigrants found the dreadful trip to be worth the freedom at the other end. Ellis Island, also, was far from sanitary. The people would break down into lines, and walk by a doctor, trying to hide any physical problems. Children over two had to be able to walk by themselves. If the doctor noticed anything wrong he would use a piece of chalk to show the person required further inspection. If, this was indeed the case, the person would be set aside in a cage. Another test was that of sanity. An interpreter would ask each person a few questions just to find a sensible answer to test mental stability. The last and most feared doctor checked for disease by lifting the eyelid. He scared children, and probably spread more disease than the people he checked. From an eyewitness account, his gloves were not sterile, and he did not change or even wash them between examinations. I, myself, found this disgusting, and dangerous. Then, immigrants filed into lines by nationality to be questioned. The questions scared many people. Should they tell the truth or lie. Which answer would make sure that they could stay in America. Later, for Jews, help came. A group called the "Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society," (HIAS) told them to tell the truth, and helped them through the period between leaving the boat and getting settled in the west. Some officials were corrupt, and allowed bribes. This makes me wonder, if this was the land of freedom and justice as it had been claimed. Through the ordeal, one thing is certain. All of the immigrants passing through Ellis Island were scared and confused. It was one feeling that most of these people would probably be exposed to for the next few months. There were many restrictions. People with certain diseases would be sent back. Laws, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act, would not let certain nationalities into America. In the early twentieth century it was decided that Japanese people would not be allowed into America. This was surely not the land of liberty that had been promised by our forefathers. One of the nationalities traveling to America were Jews. They were treated somewhat differently. This was probably because many of their countries would not accept them. The first Jews in the new world were Morranos from Spain. They fled their homeland because of the inquisition. They traveled from Spain to South America, and then to New Amsterdam. They, at first were rejected by Peter Stuyvesant, but petitioned the Dutch West India Company of Amsterdam, Holland, and, eventually were let into the colony. Stuyvesant was determined to make life hard for the Jews, and therefore denied them the right to build a synagogue. Luckily, for the Jews, the colony was soon to be taken over by the British. Under certain British naturalization laws, the Jews were able to build a synagogue in the colony. Jews in Savannah were accepted, but only to a degree. This was because of Samuel Nunes, a Jewish doctor who helped to stop a disease that had already killed many people. Even then, Jews were given land away from the main town. In the American Revolution Jews did not take any specific sides. Some believed that the freedom that they had gained under the English rule would be lost. Other felt that the taxes were too high and joined the Patriots. Later, in the Civil War, Jews took sides as everyone else. Their location meant everything. Jews in the north sided with the Union, and Jews in the south sided with the Confederacy. Unfortunately, a law was passed by Congress forbidding Jewish Chaplains in the Union army. Congress later passed a law stating that chaplains

Human by Three Days Grace free essay sample

When news came out that Matt Walst of My Darkest Days and the brother of Three Days Graces bass guitarist, Brad Walst, will be the new vocalist, everyone expected it wont be as good as Adam Gontier being in it. I beg to differ as Matt wrote depressing and angry lyrics to the bands new album Human that had a similar tone to Life Starts Now, but the only difference is the voice of Matt Walst. Matt and others who worked on it made the songs sound like a different perspective of humanity than what we are generally seeing everyday. The whole album describes those dark side in form of feelings that most humans had felt. It all starts with a hatred for the human race in the first song of the album, Human Race. It then escalated to the point where some form of pain killers were used to ease the pain of some kind in Pain Killer, but also including that the song may reference to drug addiction, to the anger towards humanity in Landmines. We will write a custom essay sample on Human by Three Days Grace or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Next, it reaches the point where it feels more of being a machine than being a human as the feeling of being human is numbed out by something that has been broken, therefore, becoming more of a machine which has no human feeling. Towards the end of the album, the last time songs The End Is Not The Answer and The Real You presents the feelings of one who is running from their problems with horrible solutions with bad consequences. However, they are sung in the perspective of voice of reasoning. For example, in The End Is Not The Answer, the voice of reasoning is telling not to give up because they are simply not alone in whatever situation. As for The Real You, it presents the idea of a person running from their real self while someone from the outside is trying to make them understand that they know the real them and trying to convince that person to going back to their real selves.

buy custom Safety and Security Risk Management Essay Example

buy custom Safety and Security Risk Management Essay Example Safety and Security Risk Management Executive Summary Aviation industry has faced many challenges that need immediate attention to avert increasing fatalities. This paper provides an insight into main risks/hazards that face the industry with existing mitigation measures. The paper discusses mitigation measures whilst giving recommendations on how to improve security lapses within the circles of aviation. To help with the insight into the industry hazards, the paper discusses six main hazards that pose threat to airplanes and passengers onboard, including the crew. The risk of cyber-attack has been discussed in depth as it is an emerging threat that the industry is not fully prepared to handle. There are recommendations for the six problems in the second part that are in sequel with the problems, each paragraph detailing how to handle a particular problem. Recommendations are followed by the conclusion of the paper with a call for upping of the security apparatus in all ports of entry into the country.

Contract law- problem question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Contract law- problem question - Essay Example (Thomas v. Thomas)2 The position in respect of existing obligations under a contract and whether they can act as good consideration will now be discussed. One of situation is the one where variation of existing obligations under a contract between the parties occurs.The principle has been modified but the extent to which such modification applies remains unclear. The long established principle in respect of variation of terms and promises in that respect was that of Stilk v. Myrick3whereby it was a long accepted principle that if there was an existing contractual obligation it could never be relied upon that is it could not as good consideration for a fresh promise with the person to whom the existing obligation was owed.. The decision of Stilk and it being good law is doubtful after the case of Williams v Roffey Brothers4the facts of the case were that carpenters, plaintiff, while doing their work, asked the defendants for additional amount of money to finish the work even though they were no doing anything more than what they were already obliged to do. After completion of the work the defendants refused to pay the plaintiff. The main argument that was put forward was that there had been no consideration for the defendants’ promise to pay the additional amount and the decision of Stilk and its application would lead to the promise being construed unenforceable. However, the Court of Appeal found that that plaintiff’ could recover the promised payments for completion of work of the flats, the Court gave a broader meaning to consideration than what had been previously given. The reasoning of Glidewell LJ in particular referred to the point of ‘practical benefits’ which were likely to have accrued to the defendants as a result of them paying the additional promised amount of money, these were that such a promise ensure that the plaintiffs stayed and continued work thus the

Corporate finance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate finance - Research Paper Example Even though the CLNE is at its early stages of development, the company already owns and operates many natural gas fueling stations and is a global leader in developing the natural gas vehicle market. The company deals with many areas of natural gas business including â€Å"compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) fueling; construction and operation of natural gas fueling stations; compressor equipment and technology; biomethane production; and vehicle conversion† (qtd in Investorideas.com). The company fuels over 530 fleet customers and 25,000 vehicles every day at over 273 stations across the United States and Canada. In addition, the organization has a strong customer base in transit, trucking, shuttle, taxi, airport, solid waste, and municipal fleet markets (Investorideas.com). Similarly, Apache Corporation is a multinational gas and oil corporation headquartered at Texas in the United States. In addition to US, the company has regional subsidiaries and operations in Canada, UK North Sea, Australia, Argentina, and Egypt. As of 2012, the firm’s market capitalization is estimated at nearly $35 billion. The Apache was founded in 1954 and the organization expanded its business horizons mainly through acquisitions. This paper will critically analyze the investment opportunities in both the firms and suggest which firm offers the best long term value for the investor. Natural gas industry analysis Porter’s five forces model is used here to analyze the natural gas industry in the United States. The five forces in the industry are described below. Degree of rivalry While analyzing the US’ natural gas industry, the degree of competitive rivalry is less as a result of unpopularity of natural gas resources. Currently, there are a few natural gas providers in each states of the US. This favorable business situation increases the scope of investments in the natural gas industry. Threat of new entrants A study conducted by the Navigant Consulting reveals that North America has enough reserves of natural gas to supply for at least 120 years (U.S Department of Energy). Hence, the United States has abundance of natural gas resources and this strength makes the country an attractive place for business investments. As a result, new players are more likely to enter the natural gas market and therefore the threat of new entrants is high. Threat of substitutes There are many substitutes to natural gas including liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and biogas. Today, LPG is widely used in US for transportation proposes due to its easier availability and highly effective performance. In addition, the development of hybrid electric vehicles also appears to be a growth impediment to vehicle fueling natural gas. Hence, the threat of substitutes can be moderate to high in the natural gas industry. Buyer power Since the level of competition intensity is low in the natural gas industry, buyers have limited options to choose the provider. Hence, there are not much alternative to buyers but to choose any of the limited available providers. From other perspective, vehicle fueling natural gas has a number of potential substitutes and hence buyers may switch their demand to those products. In short, buyer power is low in the

FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCE - Essay Example So, going by the NPV rule projects B and C are the ones that SKATE plc should consider investing in. However, since project C is expected to generate much greater present value for the firm, it is the one that should be invested in if the firm is under the obligation to choose only one from the given set of three alternatives. The IRR rule says invest in a project only if the IRR is greater than the required rate of return. So in the given situation we have to calculate the IRRs for the three projects and compare those to the given required rate of return, 15%. So we find that the IRR to be lesser than the required rate of return in case of project A and greater for project B and C implying that only these latter two should be considered for investment. And the fact that the IRR is so high in case of project C implies that it is the project that should be chosen if only one has to be chosen. So we find similar results and suggestions for both the NPV and the IRR criteria. The discounted payback rule is another criterion for investment projects. Essentially this measure discounts the future cash flows obtainable from a certain project to calculate the time the project takes to payback the initial investment and hence the name. If for instance, X is the amount that needs to be initially invested, this rule solves for that value of T which satisfies the equation Where Ct represents the cash flow at time t and r is the discount rate representing the time value of money. If the value of T is lower than some predetermined time period, the project should be accepted according to this rule. So, with the cut off period being one year, project B should be accepted according to the discounted payback rule as the project generates cash flows the discounted values of which are greater than the initial investment in the first period itself. Similarly, for project C, we get C1/ (1.15) = 78.2609 > 50 = C0 implying that this project also pays back he invested

Online Personalities in Building Social Relations

Online Personalities in Building Social Relations 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1Introduction According to Gordon Allport (1935) attitude is an important concept in social psychology. He stated that the individual will experience confusion without attitude because attitude will determine what will be seen, heard, thought and done. Attitude can be defined as the measure of mans social world, whether positive or negative aspects. Attitude is a general assessment of a man, including his own, objects and continuous nature of issues and involves a period of time (Petty Capioppo, 1986). Typically, the attitude associated with the view, feeling, thought, belief, and the etc. Social psychologists assume that almost all of the cognitive and perceptual process involves the evaluation process. Jarvis Petty (1996) mentioned, although people can judge something easily, it does not mean that they can assess spontaneously. Individuals require a rating scale that can make the difference in the tendency to evaluate an object. According to the schematic model, the attitude is seen as a thought that serves as a schema or set of ideas related to how it is organized and used again, just like the memory effects in mind. Therefore, as a scheme, it integrates all the components related to attitudes such as beliefs, emotions, physiological reactions, behavioural tendencies, and intentions. If seen from the schematic model, it is aligned with neurological network system molecules and other nervous system. Thus, the attitude is considered as something that exists in certain parts of the brain. Scheme is actually a cognitive structure or a mental framework for organizing and managing information in mind. It is an abstract representation of an object, thing or event we have experienced and it is located within the long-term memory. Mental framework is centred on specific themes related to people, things or objects, events or situations. Scheme to help us process information, and profoundly influenced the way we inter pret things. People schema is a cognitive structure that describes the of personality of others. Usually, it can be used to interpret individuals, specifically. Through it, individuals are able to understand others and create expectations about the particular individual behaviour. The present scheme is basically derived from our socialization agent. It is more abstract and focused on the relationship between normal personality trait known as Implicit Personality Theory, a set of assumptions that are not announced or secret, against any personality traits that communicate with each other. One of the schemes is to make use stereotype against someone from another group. Stereotype is a set of attribute characteristics to all members of the group or social category. Stereotyping leads us to think that all team members have specific attributes and simplify the complex social world. However, sometimes it involves excessive generalizations to be formed prejudices. We often rely on common stereotypes, such the stereotype about the ethnic, racial groups, gender groups and the commonly held religious groups in our society. Integration is a process for creating a national identity among the separate groups in terms of cultural, social, and location within a political unit. Meanwhile, solidarity can be understood as a process that unites all people and the country so that every community can build an identity and shared values and feelings of love and be proud of land (Shamsul Amri, 2007). In history, a serious effort towards unity of Malaysia began sprouting seen after the onset of tragedy May 13, 1969 when the Council of National Unity and in line with the Ministry of National Unity was established. But actually work towards a common goal has started in the 1957 Independence Constitution. In this context the clauses in the Constitution that led to the use of Malay as the official language, the provisions of the implementation of national-type schools and the use of minority languagesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹, has been articulated by Article 152 and 153, which we often refer to as a social contract between the leader-leaders of various ethnic groups dominant in Malaysia. The reality in the contemporary context, the Malaysian Government policy of racial unity is friendly and tolerant. For an example, the issue of minority ethnic language. The language of ethnic minorities has not been sentenced but never used prohibited in any school in Malaysia, though the national schools. Even created is a national type schools by giving the right to ethnic minorities to use their mother tongue as the teaching language. The New Age bulletin reported that there are 1.2 billion social networking users worldwide. According to socialbakers.com (a social media and digital analytics company), currently, there are 12457560 Facebook users in the Malaysia, which makes it number 17 in the ranking of all Facebook statistics by country. â€Å"The emergence and widespread global adoption of social networks has vastly influenced human interaction on an individual, community and larger societal level, and underscores the convergence of the online and offline worlds,† notes Linda Boland Abraham, comScore CMO and EVP of global development in the December 21 report, â€Å"Regardless of geography, social networks are weaving themselves ever more intricately into the fabric of the digital experience, opening a world of new opportunity for business and technology.† According to socialbakers.com (a social media and digital analytics company), currently, there are 12457560 Facebook users in the Malaysia, whi ch makes it number 17 in the ranking of all Facebook statistics by country. Their social networking statistics show that Facebook penetration in Malaysia is 47.62% compared to the countrys population and 73.70% in relation to number of Internet users. 1.2 Statement of Problem Malaysia is a multiracial and multicultural country. Thus, efforts to form a unity are has been a huge challenge since independence obtained for Malay Land. Although various efforts were taken to build national integration, however, Malaysia is still filled by the events of ethnic conflicts such as event management disputes of a Hindu temple and mosque in Kampung Rawa, Penang in 1998, and the tragedy of Kampung Medan in 2001. These events are indication that the issue of racial unity is not yet over. In this effort, can be seen that there are elements of the approach taken by Malaysia government are quite different from the approach which is considered mainstream in the West. American and some European countries like Britain and France for example, using the concept of melting pot or mould smelters in their approach to integrate the various ethnic minorities, indigenous ethnic groups, and the dominant ethnic group in the country. During the melting process of ethnic minority cultures melted, digested, and even some fade away, blended in the culture of the dominant majority. However, in Malaysia we see the concept of the mould smelters does not exist, but that there is a salad bowl or a bowl of vegetables’ which do not melt any of the ethnic elements but unify skin colour and cultural diversity in an environment. Perhaps it is time the authorities find other alternatives to resolve this integrity issue. One alternative that can serve as a choice is through social networking services such as facebook, twitter and so on. . I quote the words from The Chief Executive Officer of CyberSecurity Malaysia, Lt Col Prof Dato Husin Jazri, (Retired) spoke on issues about cyber safety; the establishment of social networks is unavoidable. Youths have always been the earliest adapters to new cultural trends, hence it is no surprise that social media has resonated with teens. What we can do is educate them on how to use new technology, like social networks, safely. Therefore, I believe, it is time we looked at the use of social networking facilities in a more positive perspective. A study by Brendesha, M.T., Michael, T.G. Geneene, N.T. (2008) has shown that the internet, particularly chat rooms and social networking sites, can be vital ally in multicultural education efforts. 1.3 Significance of Study This study examines the complexities of augmented reality and online personality and its pertinent relations in social networking among diverse online communities in Malaysia. Social networks have been associated empirically with the online personality portrayed to the online communities. Through the development programmes of MdeC Malaysia, including the on-line community projects, questions arise on whether on-line networking will enhance, reinforce or modify the forms of social identity between online community members who differ in terms of ethnicity, class and gender. It is envisaged that this study will provide useful information pertaining to online network patterns, policy makers who are looking at community integration and social integration theorists interested in social capital. More generally, the current study will address questions pertaining their social identities and personalities, particularly on the nature of information society or knowledge society in Malaysia. 1.4 Research Questions Could augmented reality adequately simulate human personality within their social experiences? Could cognition influence personality in relation to ethnic-relations, social capitals and nationhood social identity? Is there are differences between the personalities portrayed in the augmented realities and personality featured in reality, particularly pertaining social identities and race representations? 1.5  Research Objectives 1.5.1 General Objective This study aims to examine the complexities of online personality and its pertinent relations towards social relation within social networking services. 1.5.2 Specific Objectives To understand, in what ways do on-line communities work in the context of a multi-ethnic society. To examine, is there are differences between the personalities portrayed in the augmented realities and personality featured in reality, particularly pertaining social identities and race representations. To examine the current Malaysian ICT initiatives on promoting adequate augmented reality to simulate racially-integrated artificial personality within the 1Malaysia concepts of online and mobile social experiences. To ascertain the patterns of on-line networks and the contribution to shape the future of on-line communities within the context of social integration and national unity in Malaysia 1.6Theoretical Framework Theory Of Reasoned Action (TRA) was developed in 1967. In the early of 1970s, the theory was revised and expanded by Ajzen and Fishbein. By 1980, TRA was used to study human behaviour and develop appropriate interventions. In 1988, Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was added to the existing model of reasoned action to address the inadequacies that Ajzen and Fishbein had identified through their research using TRA. The theory states that attitude toward behaviour, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, together shape an individuals behavioural intentions and behaviours. The purpose of the theory of planned behavior is to predict and understand consumer behavior. According to the theory, a person’s behavior can be predicted by intention, which is predicted by the person’s attitude toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived control (Ajzen,1991). An attitude toward a behavior is defined as one’s positive or negative evaluation of the particular behaviour based on the person’s beliefs. The key term for this theory are:- Behavioral belief: an individuals belief about consequences of particular behavior. The concept is based on the subjective probability that the behavior will produce a given outcome. Attitude toward behavior: an individuals positive or negative evaluation of self-performance of the particular behavior. The concept is the degree to which performance of the behavior is positively or negatively valued. It is determined by the total set of accessible behavioral beliefs linking the behavior to various outcomes and other attributes. Normative belief: an individuals perception about the particular behavior, which is influenced by the judgment of significant others (e.g., parents, spouse, friends, teachers). Subjective norm: an individuals perception of social normative pressures, or relevant others beliefs that he or she should or should not perform such behavior. Perceived behavioral control: an individuals perceived ease or difficulty of performing the particular behavior (Ajzen, 1988). It is assumed that perceived behavioral control is determined by the total set of accessible control beliefs. Control beliefs: an individuals beliefs about the presence of factors that may facilitate or impede performance of the behavior (Ajzen, 2001). The concept of perceived behavioral control is conceptually related to self-efficacy. Behavioral intention: an indication of an individuals readiness to perform a given behavior. It is assumed to be an immediate antecedent of behavior. It is based on attitude toward the behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, with each predictor weighted for its importance in relation to the behavior and population of interest. Behavior: an individuals observable response in a given situation with respect to a given target. Ajzen said a behavior is a function of compatible intentions and perceptions of behavioral control in that perceived behavioral control is expected to moderate the effect of intention on behavior, such that a favorable intention produces the behavior only when perceived behavioral control is strong. Diagram 1.1 : Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) The theory of planned behaviour is an appropriate theory to study the intention of the person to adopt positive social relation via online medium. The theory can be used to evaluate individual personality, their feelings about the social norm pressure, and the difficulty of achieving the desired behaviour. 1.7Conceptual Framework Motivational Level Volitional Level Diagram 1.2 : Conceptual Framework 1.8Definition of Terms 1.8.1Social networking facilities Conceptual definition Abbreviated as SNS asocialnetworkingsiteis the phrase used to describe anyWeb sitethat enables users to create public profiles within that Web site and form relationships with other users of the same Web site who access their profile. Social networking sites can be used to describe community-based Web sites, online discussions forums, chatrooms and other social spaces online. (http://www.webopedia.com) Operational definition Referring one of the platforms used by the online community, which is Facebook. 1.8.2Augmented personality Conceptual definition Augmented means to make greater in size or value. While personality referreing to the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character (http://oxforddictionaries.com) Operational definition Refer to the personality that being portrayed in cyberspace 1.8.3Social relation Conceptual definition Social relation refer to a multitude of social interactions, regulated bysocial norms, between two or more people, with each having a social position and performing asocial role. In sociological hierarchy, social relation is more advanced than behavior,action, social behavior,social action, social contact and social interaction. Social relations form the basis of concepts such associal organization, social structure, social movement andsocial system. (http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org) Operational definition Refer to the social interaction and relationship in cyberspace. 1.8.4Online community Conceptual definition A virtual community, also called online community is a group of people that interact through computer-mediated communication, mostly a website or portal that provides various channels for social networking. (http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Virtual_community) Operational definition Refer to a group of people who interact and share common interests, ideas, and feelings via Facebook. 1.9Research Limitation This study is limited to Facebook users only whereas there are several other social networking services provided. There is a possibility that the distribution of respondents location is less comprehensive due to access to the internet.

Slavery in the chocolate industry

Slavery in the Chocolate Industry Chocolate is a product of the cacao bean which grows primarily in the tropical climates of West Africa and Latin America. The cacao bean is more commonly referred to as cocoa, so that is the term we will use throughout. Two West African countries, Ghana and the Ivory Coast, supply 75% of the world's cocoa market. [l] The cocoa they grow and harvest is sold to a variety of chocolate companies, including some of the largest in the world. In recent years, a handful of organizations and Journalists have exposed the widespread use of child labor, and in some cases slavery, on West African cocoaSince that time, the industry has become increasingly secretive, making it difficult for reporters to not only access farms where human rights violations still occur, but to then disseminate this information to the public. For example, in 2004 a journalist was kidnapped and remains missing today. [4] More recently, three journalists from a daily newspaper were detai ned by government authorities in the Ivory Coast after publishing an article about government corruption related to the cocoa industry. 5] The farms of West Africa supply cocoa to international giants such s Hersheys, Mars and Nestl © – revealing the industrys direct connection to child labor, human trafficking and slavery. chocolate contentl The Worst Forms of Child Labor In West Africa, cocoa is a commodity crop grown primarily for export. As the chocolate industry has grown over the years, so has the demand for cheap cocoa. Today, cocoa farmers barely make a living selling the beans and often resort to the use of child labor in order to keep their prices competitive.The children of West Africa are surrounded by intense poverty and most begin working at a young age to help support their family. Some children end up on the cocoa farms because they need work and they are told the pay is good. Other children are â€Å"sold† by their own relatives to traffickers or to the farm owners, and it has also been documented that traffickers often abduct the young boys from small villages in neighboring African countries, such as Burkina Faso and Mali. [3] Once they have been taken to the cocoa farms, the children may not see their families for years, if ever.When a child is delivered to the farm by a family member, that relative collects a sum of money either up front or at the end of an agreed duration of labor. Unfortunately, the relatives do not realize that the children will be exposed to a dangerous work environment and deprived of an education. Most of the children are between the ages of 12-16, but children as young as 7 have end up working on the cocoa farms through adulthood. A child's workday begins at sunrise and ends in the evening. The children climb the cocoa trees and cut the bean pods using a machete.These large, heavy, dangerous knives are the standard tools for children on the cocoa farms. Once the bean pods have been cut from the trees , the children pack the pods into large sacks and carry or rag them through the forest. â€Å"Some of the bags were taller than me. It took two people to put the bag on my head. And when you didn't hurry, you were beaten. â€Å"[2] – Aly Diabate, former cocoa slave. Holding a single large pod in one hand, the children strike the pod with the machete and pry it open with the tip of the blade, exposing the cocoa beans. Each strike of the machete has the potential to severely cut a child's fingers or hand.Virtually every child has scars on the hands, arms, legs or shoulders from accidents with the machete. In addition to the hazards of using a machete, children are also commonly exposed to gricultural chemicals on the West African cocoa farms. [3] Tropical regions such as the Ivory Coast consistently have to deal with prolific insect populations and choose to spray the pods with large amounts of industrial agricultural chemicals. Without protective equipment, children as young as 12 spray the pods with hazardous chemicals. [6] The farm owners often provide the children with the most inexpensive food available, such as corn paste and bananas. 2] In some cases, the children sleep on wooden planks in small windowless buildings with no access to clean water or sanitary athrooms. [2] Again, they may live in these conditions for months or even years. Most of the children are unable to attend school while they are working, which is a violation of the International Labor Organization (ILO) child labor standards. Depriving these children of an education has many short-term and long-term effects on their lives. The children of the cocoa farms have little hope of ever breaking the cycle of poverty.Slavery In recent years, cases have been documented in which children and adults on cocoa farms were retained against their will and forced to work. 2] While the term â€Å"slavery' has a variety of historical contexts, slavery in the cocoa industry involves the same cor e human rights violations as other forms of slavery throughout the world. chocolate_content3Cases often involve acts of physical violence, such as being whipped for working slowly or trying to escape. [2] There have also been cases documented where children and adults were locked in at night to prevent them from of my life.I had seen others who tried to escape. When they tried they were severely beaten. â€Å"[2] Drissa, a recently freed cocoa slave who had never even tasted chocolate, xperienced similar circumstances and when asked what he would tell the people who eat chocolate made from slave labor, he replied that the people enjoyed something that he suffered to make, adding: â€Å"When people eat chocolate they are eating my flesh. â€Å"†[8] Is Slave-free Chocolate Possible? To date, relatively little progress has been made in reducing and eliminating child labor and slavery in the cocoa industry of West Africa.The governments of Ghana and the Ivory Coast lack the res ources needed to properly investigate and prosecute employers who violate international labor laws. At the very least, they have agreed to ork to eliminate what the ILO calls â€Å"the worst forms of child labor. † These are defined as practices â€Å"likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children† and include the use of â€Å"hazardous tools† and any work that â€Å"interferes with Currently, the vast majority of children on West African cocoa farms endure â€Å"the worst forms of child labor† every day.Despite their role in contributing to child labor, slavery, and human trafficking, the chocolate industry has not taken significant steps to remedy the problem. A series of alliances and oversight boards may create good public relations, but cloud the fact hat the industry has the power to end the use of child labor and slave labor by paying cocoa farmers a living wage for their product. The chocolate industry is also being called upon to develo p and financially support programs to rescue and rehabilitate children who have been sold to cocoa farms.To date, the industry has not committed to developing such a program. [9] chocolate_content2Are the Labels on Chocolate Meaningful? Aside from large-scale production in West Africa, a significant amount of cocoa is also grown in Latin America. This is where the majority of organic cocoa originates. 10] At this time, child labor and/or slave labor have not been documented on these cocoa farms. While it remains possible that some Latin American farms may employ these practices, it is unlikely and certainly not widespread as is the case in West Africa.The truth is that consumers today have no sure way of knowing if the chocolate they are buying involved the use of child labor or slave labor. There are many different labels on chocolate bars today, such as Fair Trade Certified, however, no single label can guarantee that the chocolate was made without the use of exploitive labor. In 010, the founders of the Fair Trade Certification process had to suspend several of their West African suppliers due to evidence that they were using child labor. 3] address the root causes of â€Å"the worst forms of child labor† and slavery in West Africa. However, the success of these efforts will depend greatly on the genuine support or lack thereof from the chocolate industry over the coming years. Recommendations It is important to offer ways in which people can make decisions to do their best to not contribute to injustices and cruelties involved in the food industry. This issue is a ery difficult one to fully access as the most serious abuses are taking place across the world.However, that does not mean our responsibility is diminished since chocolate is indeed a luxury (though some might feel differently) and not a necessity like fruits and vegetables. Taking all of this into consideration and looking at the research that is available, at this time F. E. P. recommend s that people do not buy any chocolate sourced from areas in West African where child slavery is the most pervasive. Questions : What are the systemic, corporate and individual ethical issues raised by this case? In your view, is the kind of child slavery discussed in this case absolutely wrong nomatter what, or is it only relatively wrong, i. e. , if one happens to live in a society (likeours) that disapproves of slavery? 3. Who shares in the moral responsibility for the slavery occurring in the chocolateindustry: African farmers? African governments? American chocolate companies likeHershey, Mars, Nestle and Kraft foods? Distributors like Archer Daniels Midland Co. ,Barry Callebaut, and Cargill Inc? Consumers like you and I who know about thesituation but continue to purchase tainted chocolate?

Impaired Asset

IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS The following information relates to Q1 & Q2.Information about three assets are given below in the table:Aldo Balbo Casco Value in Use $150,000 $195,000 $105,000Carrying Amount $90,000 $140,000 $112,000Net Realizable Value $115,000 $136,000 $85,000 Q1. What are the recoverable amounts of each asset? (MCQ)Aldo ($115,000), Balbo ($136,000), Casco ($105,000)Aldo ($150,000), Balbo ($136,000), Casco ($105,000)Aldo ($150,000), Balbo ($195,000), Casco ($105,000)Aldo ($115,000), Balbo ($195,000), Casco ($85,000)(2 marks) Q2. What are the impairment losses on each asset? (MCQ)Aldo ($0), Balbo ($0), Casco ($0)Aldo ($0), Balbo ($55,000), Casco ($20,000)Aldo ($25,000), Balbo ($4,000), Casco ($7,000)Aldo ($0), Balbo ($0), Casco ($7,000)(2 marks) Q3. A cash-generating unit has the following assets:Building $600,000Plant & Machinery $100,000Goodwill $80,000Inventory $50,000Total $830,000One of the machines valued at $60,000 has been damaged & will be scrapped. The total recoverable amount estimated from the cash-generating unit is $470,000. What is the recoverable amount of the current assets after the impairment loss? (MCQ)$21,800$28,000$33,500$50,000 (2 marks) Q4. Which of the following correctly defines the recoverable amount of an asset? (MCQ)Current market value of the asset less cost of disposalHigher of fair value less cost of disposal & value in useHigher of carrying amount & fair valueLower of fair value less cost of disposal & value in use (2 marks) Q5. An asset has a carrying amount of $55,000 at the year-end 31st March 2002. Its market value is $47,000 having a disposal cost of $3,500. A new asset will cost $85,000. The company expects that the asset will generate $19,000/per annum of cash flows for the next three years. The cost of capital is 8%. What is the impairment loss to be recognized for the year end 31st March 2002? (FIB)3613151270000$ (2 marks) Q6. Which of the following are internal indications of impairment? (MRQ) A fall in the market value of a machine due to inflationThe management realized that an asset is unable to produce up to its full capacityA report prepared by the warehouse manager than one of the lifter cars has crashed into a wallThe development of intention of management to sell the asset during the next 3 months (2 marks) Q7. Moby had purchased an asset on 1st September 2009 at a cost of $500,000 with the useful life of ten years with no cash inflow at the time of disposal. The asset has been depreciated until 31st October 2014. At that date, an accident occurred which resulted in the damage of the asset & an impairment test was taken by Moby. On 31st October 2014, the fair value of the asset was $160,000 with $10,000 cost of disposal. The expected future cash flows were $13,000/annum for the next five years. The cost of capital is at 10% with five-year annuity factor of 3.79. Calculate the impairment on 31st October 2014? (MCQ)$0$100,000$150,970$200,730 (2 marks) Q8. A cash-generating unit has the following assets:Property & Plant $400,000Machinery $90,000Goodwill $75,000License $5,000Net Assets (realizable value) $30,000Total $600,000The company had breached a government legislation which results in its cash-generating unit value to fall by $200,000. What will be the value of Property & Plant after the impairment? (MCQ)$101,010$126,316$266,667$298,990 (2 marks) Q9. Which of the following is not an indicator of impairment? (MCQ)The NRV of inventory has reduced due to damages but carrying amount is still lowered it's than NRV Technological advancement has boomed in a country resulting old machinery becoming obsoleteCost of capital of a company has increased due to increase in market ratesThe carrying amount of an asset is higher of the recoverable amount of an asset (2 marks) Q10. A company purchased an asset on 1st January 2000 costing $2.1 million and its life was 10 years. On 31st December 2001, the fair value of the assets was $1.9 million. On 31st December 2002, the recoverable amount of the asset was $0.7 million. Calculate the impairment loss to be recorded in Profit ; Loss account on 31st December 2002? (FIB)3613151270000$ (2 marks) Q11. A cash-generating unit has the following assets:Building $409,050Plant ; Machinery $311,000Goodwill $30,500Inventory $156,000Total $906,550One of the plants valued at $91,000 was destroyed ; will be scrapped. The total recoverable amount estimated from the cash-generating unit is $760,050. What is the recoverable amount of the Plant ; Machinery after the impairment loss? (FIB)3613151270000$ (2 marks) Q12. Meagan had purchased an asset on 1st September 2015 at a cost of $300,000 with the useful life of six years with no residual value. The asset has been depreciated until 31st October 2020. At that date, the asset was damaged ; an impairment test was taken by Moby. On 31st October 2020, the fair value of the asset was $60,000 with a $3,000 cost of disposal. The expected future cash flows were $16,000/annum for the next five years. The cost of capital is at 13% with five-year annuity factor of 3.52. Calculate the impairment on 31st October 2020? (MCQ)$0$680$6,320$7,000(2 marks) Q13. A delivery van has a carrying amount of $39,000 at the year-end 31st March 2016. Its market value is $33,800 having a disposal cost of $1,250. A new delivery van will cost $46,500. The company expects that the van can generate $9,300/per year of cash flows for the next four years. The cost of capital is 5%. What is the impairment loss to be recognized for the year end 31st March 2016? (MCQ)$1,250$5,200$6,022$6,450(2 marks) Q14. ZZZ Co purchased a non-current asset on 1st January 2012 costing $3.75 million and its life was eight years. On 31st December 2013, the fair value of the non-current asset was $2.95 million. On 31st December 2014, the recoverable amount of the asset was $1.25 million. Calculate the impairment loss to be recorded in Profit ; Loss account on 31st December 2014 nearest to $000? (FIB)3613151270000$ 000 (2 marks) IMPAIRMENT OF ASSETS (ANSWERS) Q1. CRecoverable amount is the higher of the Value in Use or the Net Realizable Value. Q2. DImpairment loss = Carrying amount – Recoverable amount = Positive (+) Aldo = $90,000 – $150,000 = (-$60,000) No ImpairmentBalbo = $140,000 – $195,000 = (-$55,000) No ImpairmentCasco = $112,000 – $105,000 = $7,000 Impairment Q3. DAssets which have their own impairment criteria do not fall under the scope of IAS 32 -Impairment of asset. Inventory is impaired under IAS 2 – Inventory where it is calculated by choosing lower of Cost or Net Realizable Value. Q4. B Q5. $6,037Value in UseCash Flow Discount Factor 8% Present Value19,000 0.926 $17,59419,000 0.857 $16,28319,000 0.794 $15,086Total PV $48,963Fair Value less Cost to sell = $47,000 – $3,500 = $43,500Higher of = $48,963Impairment Loss = $55,000 – $48,963 = $6,037 Q6.A fall in the market value of a machine due to inflation (External indication)The management realized that an asset is unable to produce up to its full capacity (Internal indication)A report prepared by the warehouse manager than one of the lifter cars has crashed into a wall (Internal indication)The development of intention of management to sell the asset during the next 3 months (Internal indication) Q7. BCarrying Amount = (500,000 Ãâ€" 5/10) = 250,000Fair value less cost to sell = (160,000 – 10,000) = 150,000Value in use = (13,000 Ãâ€" 3.79) = 49,270Recoverable amount $150,000, Impairment = 250,000 – 150,000 = $100,000 Q8. DThe total impairment of CGU is $200,000The goodwill is impaired by $75,000 leaving $125,000 of impairment to be allocated to other assets.Total of assets to be impaired is $495,000 (400 + 90 +5)Impairment = (400,000 à · 495,000) Ãâ€" 125,000 = 101,010Fair Value after impairment = 400,000 – 101,010 = $298,990 Q9. AThe NRV of the inventory is still greater than its carrying amount so no impairment has arisen Q10. $742,500Calculation done in $000Cost = 2,100Depreciation = (2,100 Ãâ€" 2/10) = 420Carrying amount (After 2 years) = 2,100 – 420 = 1,680Revaluation of asset = 1,680 1,900 = 220 in Revaluation ReserveNew Cost = 1,900Depreciation = (1,900 Ãâ€" 1/8) = 237.5Carrying amount (After 1 year) = 1,900 – 237.5 = 1,662.5Impairment loss = 1,662.5 – 700 = 962.5Reversal of Revaluation Reserve = $220Excess recorded in Profit ; Loss account = 962.5 – 220 = $742,500 Q11. $211,257The total impairment of CGU is $146,500The goodwill is impaired by $30,500 leaving $116,000 of impairment to be allocated to other assets. The plant is impaired by $91,000 leaving $25,000 of impairmentTotal of assets to be impaired is $629,050 (409,050 + 311,000 – 91,000)Impairment = (220,000 à · 629,050) Ãâ€" 25,000 = 8,743Fair Value after impairment = 220,000 – 8,743 = $211,257 Q12. ACarrying Amount = (300,000 Ãâ€" 1/6) = 50,000Fair value less cost to sell = (60,000 – 3,000) = 57,000Value in use = (16,000 Ãâ€" 3.52) = 56,320Recoverable amount $57,000, Impairment = 50,000 – 57,000 = $0 Q13. CValue in UseCash Flow Annuity Factor 5% (1-4) Present Value9,300 3.546 $32,978Total PV $32,978Fair Value less Cost to sell = $33,800 – $1,250 = $32,550Higher of = $32,978Impairment Loss = $39,000 – $32,978 = $6,022 Q14. $1,071,000Calculation done in $000Cost = 3,750Depreciation = (3,750 Ãâ€" 2/8) = 937.5Carrying amount (After 2 years) = 3,750 – 937.5 = 2,812.5Revaluation of asset = 2,812.5 2,950 = 137.5 in Revaluation ReserveNew Cost = 2,950Depreciation = (2,950 Ãâ€" 1/6) = 491.67Carrying amount (After 1 year) = 2,950 – 491.67 = 2,458.33Impairment loss = 2,458.33 – 1,250 = 1,208.33Reversal of Revaluation Reserve = $137.5Excess recorded in Profit ; Loss account = 1,208.33 – 137.5 = $1,070,830Nearest to $000 = $1,071,000

How to Write Women’s #038; Gender Studies Research Paper

How to Write Women’s #038; Gender Studies Research Paper Feeling overwhelmed with an academic routine and have no idea how to complete your complex Women’s Gender Studies research paper? You are not alone. These 2 words â€Å"research paper† typically evoke instant fear and anxiety in almost any student. In this article, we will guide you through the most important aspects of writing a research paper from the very beginning to the end. Besides, we’ll offer you a short list of impressive Women’s Gender Studies research paper topics to help you get started. What Is Women’s Gender Studies Research Paper? Women’s Gender Studies is an interdisciplinary field that views traditional academic disciplines through the lenses of gender, women, and sexual minorities. When studying this course, you have to conduct the in-depth analysis of the intersections of race, gender, sexuality, class, and other concepts of identity. The background for this subject is varied. It relies on anthropology, sociology, religious studies, philosophy, history, and other fields of knowledge that have discussed or are discussing women and their roles in the society. That’s why assignments and their formats can vary greatly. A research paper in Women’s and Gender Studies is actually an extended essay where you have to present your own interpretation or evaluation of an argument. It is a piece of academic writing that should be based on your original research on a specific topic and your analysis and interpretation of your research findings. It sounds rather complicated, doesn’t it? Of course, this is a rather time-consuming task that will require a lot of your efforts and hard work. But you can successfully cope with it if you follow our easy gender studies research paper tips. Formally, a research paper consists of an introduction, the main body that may include different sections such as literature review, methods, results, discussion, and the conclusion. Sometimes, you may be required to write an abstract to give a brief overview of the content of your research paper. When working on your research project, you will need to complete a number of steps: Discover and focus a researchable topic; Find and read relevant sources; Organize and document all the necessary information; Plan your writing and make a working outline; Write the introduction, the main body, and the conclusion; Revise, edit, and proofread your final draft. How to Select Good Women’s Gender Studies Research Paper Topics Women’s Gender Studies programs cover a large variety of topics so you might be at a loss what topic to select for writing your research paper. The best approach to it is to pick a topic that you really care about. You will have to devote many hours of your precious time for doing research, outlining, drafting, revising, editing, and proofreading to ensure that your writing project meets the high standard. You will have a more satisfying experience if you work on a topic that you are interested in. Your genuine interest and passion will help you stay motivated and you are more likely to impress your audience. A good idea is to find a topic that is comparatively new so your research can have a real value or suggest some new approaches to investigating familiar topics. Before you start working on your research project, make sure you’ll find enough material on the topic you have chosen. And if your topic is too broad, narrow it down to fit the word count of your academic paper. For example, you are interested in the psychology of sex and gender and want to write about how a persons feelings, thoughts, and actions are affected by sex and gender. This topic covers a lot of issues, so you can devote your research to one of the following aspects: physical and mental health, gender identity development during a lifespan, interpersonal relationships, implicit and explicit bias etc. Still not sure which topic is worth your attention? Have a look at this short list of interesting Women’s Gender Studies research paper topics. Women’s Contribution to Contemporary Arab Literature Gender and Health Issues in the Contemporary World Prevention of Human Trafficking Women and Families in the Classical Societies Sex Differences in Crime Ethical Issues in Reproductive Technologies The Gender Gap in the American Workforce Women Leaders Who Are Changing the World Sexual Identity in Modern Digital Media How Have Modern Technologies Changed the Ideas of Gender? Gender and Race in Games and Culture Films by Contemporary Women of Color Influence of the Contemporary Globalization on Race and Gender Consequences of Inequality on Sexual Health in Non-Western Countries Women and Gender Relations in the Middle East Start Doing an In-depth Research on Your Topic Research is an important first step in working on any written project. It can help you in a number of ways: to understand the subject of your research paper; to formulate original ideas for your project; to develop a thesis statement/research question; to speak on your topic with authority. You have to gather resource materials and start reviewing them. You should find various primary and secondary sources related to Women’s Gender Studies. Look for them in your university library, online databases, and archives. Find articles in scientific and scholarly journals, critical books that cover women’s and gender issues and general/interdisciplinary ones, news in printed and digital media, personal letters and diaries, statistics facts, photographs, different texts written by women etc. When reading and evaluating your sources, you have to take notes. Besides, you need to keep track of all your materials so you can cite them in your paper and build a bibliography page later. There are lots of useful websites, for example, Purdue Online Writing Lab that can help you get a good idea what information you need to gather to properly cite your references. A good idea is to store your notes in a spreadsheet and create different columns for information necessary for your bibliography page and in-text citations. The common citation styles for Women’s Gender Studies research papers are APA, MLA, Chicago, and Turabian so before you start organizing your notes, check your instructor about the preferred citation style for your references. Writing a Draft of Your Women’s Gender Studies Research Paper You have done an extensive research and have lots of great ideas. But before you start writing your first draft, you need to organize your presentation. Don’t try to skip this important step because it is critical to the success of your Women’s Gender Studies research paper. Thesis Statement The first thing you should do is to create a strong thesis statement that will guide your writing. It’s a sentence that presents your main point that you’ll argue in your research paper. You have to present the subject of your paper and demonstrate your position in relation to the topic. The thesis statement will tell your readers what your project is about and will help you keep your argument focused. Wondering how to write a successful thesis statement? Here are some tips: Avoid using vague words and try to be as specific as possible; Avoid using jargon if you are not sure that your audience is familiar with it; Avoid using abstract words such as â€Å"culture†, ‘values† or â€Å"society† which can tell your readers next to nothing; Use concrete subjects and active words; Don’t merely announce your topic but make clear your specific â€Å"angle†; Don’t just report a fact and specify and justify your reasoning. For example, if the topic of your research paper is Gender and Crime, your thesis statement can be like this one: ‘Sociological evidence proves that recorded crimes have gender differences with typical male and female crimes and that most crimes are typically committed by males’. Outline When you have developed your thesis statement, you need to make a detailed outline for your research paper to see the overall picture. Outlining can help you create a structure for your paper and write faster while staying focused on the subject of your paper. Use brainstorming techniques to create a list of main ideas to support your argument and group them together. Create the body headings and subheadings. Write topic sentences for each paragraph. Think about at least 2 subpoints for every main idea. Organize evidence to support your key points. Introduction In this part of your research paper, you have to present the context and background for the rest of your written project. Start with a strong opening sentence to engage your readers and explain the purpose of your paper and your approaches to covering the topic. This part can also include an overview of the current state of research on your topic. End the introduction with your thesis statement. You can also provide a brief outline of your Women’s Gender Studies research paper and clarify the key terms/definitions that you use. Main Body The main body can be divided into sections and subsections that present main points or relevant supporting information. The number of sections can vary depending on the topic and the goals of your paper. The main body of your research paper has to show that you use relevant secondary literature and feature comprehensible argumentation and logical structure. You should also demonstrate your contribution – compare different theories, present different approaches to the issues that you are discussing, provide a critique of secondary sources, explain the main subject with individually chosen examples. Keep in mind that you should provide information that is relevant to the comprehension of your research question. The content of the main body will depend on your objectives – you can focus on methodological problems or the current state of research, give interpretation of the primary sources or present your own standpoint. As you provide your discussion of the issue, you should integrate your sources into it. It’s important to use references for all the literature that you use – ideas, data, and quotations. Conclusion If your research paper in Women’s Gender Studies has a complex argument, you may need to summarize the key points, observations, and interpretations to your readers. Explain the conclusions that you have reached in the process of doing a research and writing a paper. In this part, you can also explain the significance of your findings and move to a more general level of consideration. A good idea is to speak about the strengths and limitations of your work. Be creative and don’t repeat word for word what you have already stated in the discussion or introduction. You can also suggest some issues for further research to stimulate further thinking and to leave your readers with a feeling that reading your research paper was worth doing. Polish Your Draft No one can create a perfect first draft, so make sure you leave enough time for revising, rewriting, and editing. This process requires much time and work because it’s more than just fixing grammar or typos and adding punctuation marks. You will need to check the overall organization of the text, paragraphs, sentences, and documentation: the logical flow and coherence of your paper sections, the sequence of ideas in every paragraph and transitions between them, word choices, spelling, and the consistent use of a specific citation style. Some Tips from Our Experts on Language and Style: Use relevant terminology in the specific field of your research; Explain or provide definitions for technical and other important terms; Write in simple sentences and try to avoid complex sentence structures; Your style must be neutral, unambiguous, and comprehensible; Avoid passive constructions and repetitions; Don’t use such words as â€Å"I†, â€Å"my†, â€Å"me† too often; Such phrases as â€Å"probably†, ‘likely†, â€Å"certainly† etc. can help evaluate your statements; Don’t use verb contractions such as â€Å"don’t†, â€Å"he’s†, â€Å"isn’t† etc.; Make sure you correctly use all idioms and collocations; Let other people proofread your Women’s Gender research paper and fix possible mistakes. That’s it. It may only look that the research process is complicated. Our academic writers believe that once you get into the topic and start dive into it, the process immediately becomes intriguing and fascinating. Enjoy the journey.

Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Essay Example

Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Essay Example Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Paper Jane Eyre Is A Feminist Novel Paper In the early nineteenth century, which was when Bronte wrote the book, men were considered to be superior to women and therefore played a much more dominant role in society whereas women were secondary and thought to be merely appendages to men. The heroine of the novel Jane Eyre contradicts the role women played as she is brave enough to say â€Å"no† to the social conventions and instead play the role that she wants to play instead of the role she â€Å"should† portray. As the author of this classic, Charlotte Bronte is thought to be a pioneer of the feminist movement. This essay is to explore the aspects of feminism and the oppression of men within the novel to explain why the book is considered to be a feminist novel. Jane was oppressed by four different men during the novel although in different ways. The first of these was her cousin John Reed, who tormented and bullied young Jane because she was an orphan. She did nothing to ignite his rage and was unable to do anything but withstand it. â€Å"Accustomed to John Reed’s abuse, I never had an idea of replying to it: my care was how to endure the blow which would certainly follow the insult†, this quotation shows how Jane never once thought to retaliate to his words or actions, reflecting the fact that it was a woman’s place to do as she was told and not as she wanted. It was only after John’s harsh reminders of her past that it was as if she could withstand no more, â€Å"Wicked and cruel boy! †Cried she, symbolising her determination to fight against this unfair world. This is the first representation of feminism in the book. However, despite the reasons for Jane’s actions, she is later reprimanded and punished for it, is this the consequence of her standing up to a male figure or is it a reflection of their individual social class? Later Jane experiences oppression at the hands of Mr Brocklehurst, the treasurer and manager of Lowood School, of which Jane attends. Mr Brocklehurst represents those who obtained a very strong belief in the women-inferiority theory, which he expresses when he says, â€Å"My plan in bringing up these girls is†¦to render them hardy, patient, self-denying† and also through his actions of allowing the girls no luxuries, be it in food, or clothing, etc. It appeared to be his opinion that women should live a simple life perhaps in order to depend on men. He insults Jane in the novel and says she is evil and should be shunned by her peers despite the lack of proof for his statement he is not overruled or ignored because of his superiority because he appears as quite a threatening character or simply because he is a man. The main male protagonist in the novel, Edward Rochester, although undeniably in love with Jane seemed to try and control her slightly, for example he seems to want to change Jane through buying her several dresses, etc. Which are overly extravagant compared to her own plain and standard wardrobe. In trying to change her appearance it is as if he is trying to also change Jane as a person and perhaps by receiving the clothes she would have been accepting his dominance over her and so by refusing his offer she is showing herself as a strong individual who seeks equality. Her final oppressor, St. John had quite strong opinions of the purpose of women and thought that a woman’s worth was only recognised only when she devoted her life to a man. He thought that it was an honour for Jane, if she married him and helped him with his work in India. He assumed that Jane would undoubtedly agree to his proposal because it was what a ‘good woman’ should do, however Jane declined because she wanted a marriage based on love not convenience. The character of Miss Blanche Ingram is portrayed as a sharp contrast to that of Jane because she represents how a typical woman of this time period would act. All she wanted was to find a wealthy husband to serve and to bare his children. She believed – as did most – that marriage should be established within social ranks and money and that husbands and children were a woman`s whole world. Women had no control in their lives or even over their bodies; they had no idea of their value they were just a possession belonging to a man. Whilst some women were quite content just to follow this regime, some like Jane were unhappy with the obvious dominance of men and henceforth the obvious lack of equality between the two genders and so I believe that the characteristics and beliefs of Jane are what most strongly equate to this being a feminist novel. To conclude I believe that there are several reasons and points within the book that successfully suggests that Jane Eyre is a feminist novel, but I think most prominent and perhaps obvious is the overall character of Jane and how she breaks out of the mould of the typical woman with her independent and intelligent actions. When reading the novel, women of that time would perhaps look to Jane as a heroine and feel inspired that there is may be more to a woman than merely a wife and a mother, but a strong, independent individual.

Group work--------read the case study and do the paper as requirement Essay

Group work--------read the case study and do the paper as requirement - Essay Example However, TNNB seems to have a problem in its workforce and urgently needs talent development strategies if it is to ensure sustainable business with a promising future. This report explores how talent management strategy would help TNNB. It also assesses the most appropriate talent management strategy and proposes suitable short-term and long-term talent management policies and practices for the company. How A Talent Management (TM) Strategy Would Help TNNB TNNB clearly has a big problem with talent management. The company’s project managers emerge as incompetent for their roles as asserted by the company’s systems engineer. There is tension between systems engineers and mechanical and service engineers, which is likely to affect the overall performance of the company. Most of the engineers at the company have been working for the company for many years with some of them nearing their retirement. The managers of the company feel that engineers are hard to find, which cl early indicate that the company lacks strategic recruitment, hiring and retention programme. Therefore, TNNB’s future lies on its ability to adopt a suitable talent strategy to curb the on-going talent deficit in the company. Talent management is a management buzzword associated with continuous inflow of employees with desired qualities into an organisation. Talent management can be defined as a process that ensures that an organisation has a regular supply of individual with high potentials for vacant positions and acquires the right persons for the right jobs whenever there is need. Davis (2007) argues that â€Å"talent management is the recruitment, development, and retention of individuals who consistently deliver superior performance† (Davis 2007 p.1). However, Hatum (2010) notes that no universal definition of talent management exists. Strategic talent management as a process ensures that an organisation hires the right people for the right jobs and in a timely m anner so that the objectives of the firm can be met as expected (Deb 2005). Strategic talent management enables companies to assess and understand their present state, project talent gaps and take the initiatives to fill these talent gaps. The human resource of every organisation is charged with the responsibility of developing effective talent management strategy (Vaiman & Vance 2008). The success of an organisation depends on the effectiveness of the human resource department in recruiting high-performing staff developing and retaining them (Oakes & Galagan 2011; Silser & Dowell 2010). Generally, a talent management strategy would help TNNB to: Identify talent gaps within the organisation and take early precautions Align human capital needs with the strategy of the business Focus its training, development and recruitment efforts Ensure that the company achieves a balanced blend of generations in the workplace Ensure that knowledge is effectively transferred across various generati ons that make up the workforce Keep low the possibilities of disruptions in the production process as a result of impulsive departures of employees. To plan and organise its workforce and Maximise the contribution of each employee. Effective implementation of talent management strategy will result into significant reduction in cost associated with recruiting incompetent personnel, risk minimisation and attaining higher level of organisational performance

Home Schooling vs. Public Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Home Schooling vs. Public Education - Essay Example Moreover, they are not able to relate with the parents of a child properly and they remain in dark about the weaknesses of their child. Comparatively in home schooling the teacher and the parents are able to devote their time to the child understanding the teaching style and the curriculum which best suits the student. The teacher can move at his own speed and guide the students about the other activities and explore his talents which are neglected in public schools. Another main advantage is that home schooling provides parents with a sense of security regarding their child’s wrong indulgence in bad activities. Harmful peer pressure, physical and mental mugging, threat of being bullied or involvement in drugs are some factors that children who go to public schools have to face. Comparatively in home schooling a child is saved from all this mental pressure and spends quality time with the teacher and the family which builds up the family relations and consequently the child wi ll learn and embrace the good values around him. Then there is the benefit of flexibility in time. Parents can set the timetable for their child’s study hours as some children have the tendency to work best in different times of the day and the teacher has the advantage to lay emphasis on the subjects the child is weak in or needs more attention. â€Å"An added benefit of home schooling is the freedom to encourage mastery. Students can be made to repeat materials correct and retake tests, and study longer in order to master materials because there is not an entire classroom of other children ready to go on† (Andrea D. Clements). Despite the benefits, there are disadvantages to home schooling as well. Home schooling takes and requires emotional,... This essay approves that children are given loads of homework and parents have to work with their children for hours to make them grasp the concept. If that is the case many parents then prefer home schooling if they have to cover the educational aspect on their own. Children at this age can easily be influenced by bad company. Disruptive and harsh behavior is evident in children going to public schools. Children going to public schools may be familiar with a lot of knowledge but understand very little and this is where kids being home schooled outshine them. Children with some disability are not properly treated by the peers or teachers in public schools whereas home schooling can provide the right kind of environment to those special kids and enhance their confidence. This report makes a conclusion that it is true to state that home schooling is not for everyone. It may not be appropriate for every family in every circumstance. A lot of money has to be invested in order to provide the resources for projects, field trips, tuition and children with home schooling lack in social development. Every day interaction is necessary in order to learn to communicate and handle different situations and at times the child may develop inferiority complex pondering over what qualities he is lacking by not going to a public school. Public schools have a fixed curriculum and grading system which enables the parents and the child to know where he stands. Public schools offer a broad range of extracurricular activities such as sports, plays and membership of different clubs. Public schooling gives the parents a chance to have a full time job and provide and cater for all the needs of the child.

European Union and Human Rights Watch Research Paper

European Union and Human Rights Watch - Research Paper Example The European Union (EU) is one of the many institutions created with the solid intent of promoting and fostering peace among the constituent members and the world in general. The EU has led to the achievement of many goals and missions among them protection of sovereignty of the member countries, enhancing economic status of the member states, promoting democracy and literacy in the member states. EU has also fostered and as well as establishing adaptable regional and international relation of the member countries and outside world. The ideas that led to the formation and establishment of the European Union (EU) emerged in the early 1940s (Briney). The main idea was to reduce the series and cases of wars that involved individual European nations and to steer the constituent countries towards positive social-economic and political growth. It is important to reckon that the existence of small institutional relations otherwise called alliances, which consisted of friendly EU nations, wa s the main escalator and stimulator of the World War II that rocked the continent. The purpose of the alliances was to help create a protective shell developed on pacts signed by friendly nations to assure military, political and economic support upon external attacks and threats against any member. Alliances defined the political organization of the European states during and immediately after the end of World War I. However, this changed during and after the World War II as states settled to deliberate and solve differences that spurred conflicts among them. The first step was the unification of the coal and steel industries under the umbrella of European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). This organization became operational upon the signing of the Paris Treaty in 1951 under the chairmanship of Robert Schuman, who was French minister for foreign affairs. Upon formation, ECSC consisted of six member countries namely, France, Belgium, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, and West Germany. In collectivity, the member states exercised control over the steel and coal industries, which produced ammunitions among other things (Dimitrakopoulos 13). The year 1957 saw the signing of yet another important pact named the Rome Treaty. Rome Treaty led to the creation and establishment a common market known as the European Economic Community (EEC). The main reason behind signing and commencement of the EEC was to unify the Eastern and Western fronts that tended to be at war. EEC could therefore help spread diversity across the contradicting fronts as people moved and traded freely across the member states that included the initial six members of ECSC (Dimitrakopoulos 14). During the same year of 1957, and still in Rome, was the signing of another treaty that led to the creation of the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or EURATOM). The three organizations that included the ECSC, EEC and the EAEC reduced to what was the European Communities. According to Carbaugh, the need to consolidate the operations of the three organizations under single commission and council attracted a meeting in Brussels that led to the eventual signing of the Treaty of Merger in 1965 (7). Denmark, United Kingdom and Ireland joined the European Communities in 1973, raising the number of members to nine. The increasing

Reflective Statement The Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

Reflective Statement The Great Gatsby Essay The Great Gatsby is a novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. It is said to be one of the greatest American novels of the last century, not only for it’s tale of hope and disillusion, but also for the way it portrayed the spirit of the 1920s. The information from the presentations made me realize that the characters in the story weren’t just any upperclass; they were the social and cultural upperclass of the world. The presentations also made me develop my understanding of the background of their arrogant and lavish behavior. They were born into the old elite and were stupendously rich in the wealthiest country in the world. They lived extravagant lives in a careless post-war time with mass media covering their lives in the tabloids. Another factor that contributed to this feeling of being superior must have been the lack of authorities and strong politicians. As the economy ran itself and the politicians were incompetent, the cultural elite were literally on top of the world. They distanced themselves from institutions and history and lived their lives in a social bubble, respecting only those who were a part of their class. The dream of being famous and glamourous bloomed in the 1920s and was distributed to the public through the mass media. The dream was available for everyone, and people strived to become a part of the cultural elite. The main characters in The Great Gatsby were already there, as a natural part of the scene. They lived luxurious and careless lives, following the latest trends, listening to the new music and attending extravagant parties. From the presentations I also learned about modernist literature. A significant trait of this genre is the break with traditions and the search for an absolute truth and a meaning of life elsewhere. The upperclass seemed to have lost their meaning in life in their extravagant lifestyle. Previously I had not given the social context too much thought, and without the information from the presentations, I may would just have seen the tragic love story of the book, and not how the book is a picture of and a comment to the 1920s life.