Social Order Essay Example for Free

Social Order Essay Functionalists theory assumes that a certain degree of order and stability is essential for the survival of social systems. Without it, society may be exposed to chaos and disorder. Therefore, social order is essential for society and it refers to shared nor,s and values, which provide the foundation for cooperation, since common values produce goals. Functionalists believe that social order exists in the concept of value consensus to a large extent. Functionalists believe that without collective conscience/shared values and beliefs, achieving social order is impossible and social order is crucial for the well-being of society. They believe that value consensus forms the basic integrating principle in society. And if members of society have shared values they therefore also have similar identities, this helps cooperation and avoids conflict. Talcott Parsons argues that social order is achieved through the existence of a shared value system. According to him, Social order is only possible as long as members of the society agree on these norms and values. This agreement is called value consensus. Parsons argues that socialization helps to ensure that individuals conform to shared values and meet the systems needs. Through the socialization process individuals internalize the systems norms and values so that society becomes part of their personality structure. Different agencies of socialization such as family, school. etc On the other hand, The Marxists see the functionalists view of consensus as pure fiction. According to them, what actually happens is that the rich force the rest of the population to compliance and conformity. According to them there are scarce resources such as prestige, power and wealth, and the demands for these things exceed the supply. Those who get in control of these resources now use it for their interest at the expense of others. In conclusion, the functionalists theory sees social order as being maintained by value consensus. According to them, the society is organized, well integrated and stable through value consensus. While the Marxists see this view of consensus as pure fiction and say that social order is maintained by force.

Style Controversy :: Writing Styles Style Essays

Style Controversy Upon completion of the both stylebooks, Strunk and White and Williams, I have found that style is much more than whatever one sees fit for themselves. This is true at least for essay writing not necessarily creative writing. As with other debated subjects where guidelines are drawn as to what constitutes a good work of art, film, or music, writing has guidelines which good compositions fit into and can therefore be compared and contrasted with other works. That is not to say there is one way to do any essay but there are parameters which must be met and set for a paper to be critiqued. S&W would like to set up a correct way to do everything; according to them there is only one right way and everything else is wrong. This authoritarian point of view on writing is scary but some of the things they say are poignant. For instance when they speak of participial phrases, as I have mentioned in my first blog writing, they tell and show how to do this correctly and it is easily implemented. â€Å"A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to the grammatical subject† (13). To someone who understands what a participial phrase is along with what and where the grammatical subject of a sentence is this makes sense. It is clear, concise, and effective one can quickly look to the rule for reference and continue on with their paper. When looking for quick reference on how to fix grammar mistakes this is a good way to go about finding answers but not for a stylebook. There needs to be more discussion. It would be nice to say that good style is just correct grammar and word usage but it’s not so. Williams knows this and blatantly points this out in his preface of the book. He acknowledges that his book is different from stylebooks in the past mentioning that this book is not for everyone. Williams divulges secrets of the trade in an interesting although sometimes hard to grasp conversation with the reader on all subjects of writing. This does include grammatical problems and word usage concerns but Williams explains both sides and shows how at times both ‘good’ and ‘bad’ aspects of writing can be right depending on the context it is used in.

Infant Observation Essay

For my assignment, I observed at the daycare program housed inside my church called Gateway To Learning (2930 Rayford Rd., Spring, TX 77386), a Christian childcare provider for ages 6-weeks to fourth grade (after school). There are currently 185 children enrolled in the GTL program, including after-schoolers. GTL employs approximately 50 people, not including substitute teachers. The teacher:student ratios are as follows: ages 6 weeks to 12 months – 4:1, 12 to 18 months – 5:1, 18 to 24 months – 9:1, 2 year olds – 11:1, 3 year olds – 15:1, and four year olds – 18:1. All of the teachers must be CPR certified, First Aid certified, and trained in SIDS, shaken baby syndrome, infant brain development, and child abuse. I was placed in the infant room with babies 6-weeks to one year. The room was set up well. There were eight cribs and/or pack-and-plays aligned around the walls of the room with allowed for easy movement of teachers and crawlers. In t he center of the room was a bright, primary color plat mat that the little ones loved rolling around on. There were also bouncers and jumper play toys for the kids to hop inside and have fun with. In one corner of the room was the changing table, kitchenette for warming milk and mixing baby cereal, and refrigerator for storage. There was ample storage space in the kitchenette and the entrances were blocked with childproof gates. Each child has a cubby to put their diaper bags in as well as extra toys, blankets, etc. I think that the room was just the right size for the amount of children in the class, and I think that it was set up in a user-friendly way so getting around was simple. The infant room was on a schedule, but the babies are tiny and all on their own schedules at home, so it was difficult for the teachers to get all of the children doing the same thing at the same time. For instance, when it was time for lunch, some babies had just fallen asleep. The schedule was fairly straightforward: arrive, breakfast, nap, play, lesson, lunch, nap, play, leave. But like I mentioned, some babies were doing their own thing, napping when they could have been playing or playing when they were supposed to be eating. Upon asking the teachers about the schedule, they all agreed that if everyone is happy, then the schedule comes second. I think I would agree with their opinions. Although the infant room wasn’t strict on scheduling, all of the babies were happy during my observation. None of the children in the infant room were talking much. There was only one baby (11 months) that could make actual words. He could say â€Å"Mama† and â€Å"Dada.† Pretty basic. The other babies were verbal, definitely able to let you know if they were hungry, wet or tired, just not producing identifiable words. At one point during my time, one baby was in a jumper talking with another baby across the room. They were chatting back and forth and laughing with each other. I wish I could have understood what they were saying, because it was so cute. My favorite age in the infant room were 6-9 months because they were so bright-eyed and ready for anything. All of the teachers spoke with cheerful voices and kept their tones light. When they would talk directly to a baby, they wouldn’t use baby-talk and instead focused on using the same words over and over again to teach the baby to remember select words or phrases. For example, when one baby was hungry and started crying, the teacher that fed him kept saying, â€Å"Letâ⠂¬â„¢s get your milk.† I asked if the babies tended to remember the short words or phrases and she responded that half of the time there was success. When it came to diapering, the changing table was sanitized after each diaper change and new wax paper is laid on the cushion before the next baby is changed. Employees must wear gloves when changing diapers and wash their hands after finishing. Every few hours, the toys in the infant room are sanitized. The floor mat is sanitized three times a day, once in the morning, once at lunch, and once in the afternoon. To prevent bad health/hygiene, employees are required to wash their hands before handling personal baby items such as food, clothes, pacifiers, etc. If one child has a runny nose and the teacher uses a tissue, she will then have to wash her hands even though her skin never touched the baby’s runny nose. The teachers in the infant room were constantly washing their hands, just to be safe. When the babies were ready to be fed, the teacher would wash her hands, warm the milk/mix the baby cereal, and either sit in a rocking chair or place the baby in a freshly sanitized high chair to feed them. After the baby was finished, the teacher would wash out the bottles/bowls and sanitize the high chair. Then she would wash her hands again. Each baby was on their own feeding schedule, so running water was a noise I heard constantly throughout the day. When the babies were ready to go to bed, they were placed in a crib designated for them. Each baby was given a blanket provided by the parents during nap time and a pacifier if provided by the parent as well. Some babies slept in 20 minute intervals while others slept for an hour depending on their age. Like I mentioned, it is hard to get all of the babies to sleep at the same time, but I was surprised that the ones who would fall asleep stayed asleep while their classmates fussed when hungry or wet. There were a variety of toys for the babies to play with. From dogs that sang songs to maracas for them to shake, each baby had plenty of options. The favorite toys in the room were the ones where the baby could lay down while playing with them, so mobiles and jumpers were the most popular. There were also electric swings to lay the babies in if they weren’t happy sleeping in their cribs as well as pack-and-plays. When it came to communication between teachers and parents, there were quite a few ways of transferring information. Each baby had a clipboard with their name on it with papers that were sent home with the parents at the end of each day. The slips had time slots when diapers were changed, bottles were drunk, and naps were taken. I liked how easy it was to organize the information and still keep the parents happy. Notes were often sent in diaper bags for specific inquiries like â€Å"Can you please send an extra onesie tomorrow?† and of the sort. Overall I think the communication process is very organized and is easy for everyone. My overall opinion of GTL is very high. I had a great time observing and learning about how my church provides care for kids that don’t always come on Sundays. The atmosphere of GTL was very positive and everyone seemed genuinely happy to be working there. All of the teachers were friendly with the kids, even when they had to punish them or take something away, and did everything with a kind heart. The room was very clean and the babies were all happy (most of the time). I liked how each baby had their own crib and cubby, and how everyone was so personable. There were a lot of people stopping by the door just to say â€Å"hi† to another teacher, and I liked knowing that all of the employees seemed to get along with each other without too many issues. The director was pleasant and inviting, as well as knowledgeable when it came to procedures, trainings, and employing new team members. I really enjoyed my time at GTL and will definitely go back when I need to gather more information for my Pre-School observatio n.

The Evolution Of Democracy In The Early Republic. The...

The Evolution of Democracy in the Early Republic The evolution of democracy from the time of President Thomas Jefferson to President Andrew Jackson can be depicted as a minimal change in conceptually agrarian viewpoints and strong supporters of equality for the common man. While the two men essentially shared many of the same beliefs and ideas, there was a noticeable difference to how they acted on them and spoke out about them. As the nation s third president, Jefferson organized the national government by his own ideals, doubled the size of the United States, and struggled to maintain American neutrality in the face of ever increasing pressure. The seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson was a general in the War of 1812†¦show more content†¦Jacksonian Democracy favored Laissez faire economics over the proactive federal investments promoted by the opposing Whig Party (â€Å"Jacksonian Democracy†, 2017). Jeffersonians believed in equality and rule by the educated. Jefferson believed education would be the cure of all evils. He said, Educate the people generally, and tyranny and injustice will vanish like evil spirits at the dawn of day. (Hart, 1898). Jacksonians thought the best way to end corruption was to allow all the common people to vote and have their say in their government, however both men clearly demonstrate that their definition of the common man doesn’t include minorities. On the American frontier, democracy became a way of life, with widespread social, economic and political equality. The system gradually evolved, from Jeffersonian Democracy or the First Party System to Jacksonian Democracy or the Second Party System and later to the Third Party System Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Democracy are the same in just about every regard. Their views and goals as presidents are the same. Both are in favor of the common man and feel that it is the common people who should have the biggest influence on government, not the wealthy aristocrats. They also support states’ rights and feel that the federal government should not get involved with the states affairs. Both men s actions clearly show that the common man does not include minorities. Both JacksonShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution Of Democracy And The Early Republic Essay1175 Words   |  5 PagesThe Evolution of Democracy in the Early Republic President Jefferson and President Jackson were two complete different people. Though each one had their flaws, they also had some good intentions throughout their presidency. The government was different under each president because each one had their own ideas for America. There is a chain of causes that made America the way it was under each president. Jefferson was a good person but was not the best president because he always thought about himselfRead MoreAnalysis of Politics in The Republic of Turkey 822 Words   |  3 PagesThe book follows the author’s preceding work on the two Ankara parliaments during the War of Independence and studies the parliaments of the Republic of Turkey from 1923 to 1946, roughly the time known as the single party period when the political power was monopolized by the Republican People’s Party (CHP – Cumhuriyet Halk FÄ ±rkasÄ ±/Partisi). In his former research Demirel had given a large place to political disputes in the Turki sh parliament by highlighting the actions of the fraction opposed toRead MoreRole Of Democracy In Western Civilization1325 Words   |  6 PagesDemocracy in Western Civilization How has democracy evolved throughout the Western Civilization? Democracy is a system of government. Throughout Western civilization, it has appeared in Athens, Greece, Persia, and Roman Republic. In the fifth century, the Greek city-state of Athens created the first political system created. And democracy in the Western civilization has made an impact on how our political systems work today. The evolution of democracy is very important. In the eighth century, GreeksRead MoreDemocracy : No Taxation Without Representation961 Words   |  4 PagesDemocracy came about in a very interesting fashion. It first started out as, a wealthy class of rich males in ancient Greece who had the power to vote and be citizens; while no one else was able to be a citizen and participate in democracy. This notion of democracy slowly evolved out of different revolutions and ideas. We saw great leaps forward in in the evolution of democracy during the US revolution which was exemplified by the cry of: â€Å"No taxation without representation.† In the French revolutionRead MoreDoes Inequality Help Or Hurt Democracy / Democratization?858 Words   |  4 PagesDoes inequality help or hurt democracy/democratization, or neither? You may find that it helps to discuss not only economic but also ethnic inequalities and divisions. In constructing your argument, make sure you discuss Tilly (2007), Ansell and Samuels (2014), and Blaydes and C haney (2013). Inglehart NEED ANOTHER ARTICLE Democracy is a very interesting governmental arrangement to come too. It first started out as only certain people, the rich males of ancient Greece had the power to vote andRead MoreThe Democracy of the Market642 Words   |  3 PagesThe democracy of the market is no more the democracy that Plato spoke off in his Republic (c. 370 BC) as a charming form of government, full of variety and disorder, and dispensing a kind of equality to equals and unequal alike, or Aristotle in his hyperbole (c. 322 BC) condemn as when put to the strain, grows weak, and is supplanted by oligarchy. Also which George Bernard Shaw taxed in his Maxims for Revolutionists (1903) as substituting election by the incompetent many for appointment by theRead MoreThe Greeks, Romans, And Christians1185 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment of modern political thought. Democracy, an important improvement on the government was created by the Greeks and influenced modern government. Along with this, the Romans helped struc ture the different branches of the government to help give power to the people. Morality and ethical ideals were taught through Judaism and Christianity, that gave salvation to its followers. Through a strive of passion, the Greeks brought an important creation to the evolution of modern political thought becauseRead MoreWho Ruled The Roman Republic1537 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Roman republic. (Zetzel) argues that in a monarchy â€Å"there is no holy bond or trust† and because of the importance of popular sovereignty there was no appeal to maintain the monarchy and therefore resulting in the rise of the mixed constitution. The mixed constitution allowed a balanced government which resulted in the combination of the monarchy, aristocracy and democracy. The constitution of the Roman republic was not a written document but rather a system of constant change, evolution and developmentRead MoreComparing the Ideas of Locke and Freire846 Words   |  3 Pagesfather of classical li beralism and modern secular society. Lockes ideas had a profound effect on the coming of age of enlightenment and no less a figure than Thomas Jefferson attributed to Locke many of the ideas that became the bedrock of American democracy. John Locke came up with a natural rights theory to explain what existed prior to the existence of civil governments; the state of nature. For Locke, reason is the bridge between ideas; it fills in the gap that exists between separate ideas. Read MoreTrue Democracy1788 Words   |  8 PagesDemocracy Andy Carroll July 8th, 1996 I. Meaning of Democracy II. Summary of Places and Dates III. Features of Democracy IV. Types of Democracy V. Early Democracy A. Athens B. Rome VI. Middle Ages and England VII. The Renaissance A. United States of America B. France VIII. Modern Times IX. Important People Demos Kratia, or democracy, as it is